Beggar Thy Neighbour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Beggar Thy Neighbour - Essay Example After the American independence, several merchants made themselves incredibly wealthy from securities trading. People such as William Duer were able to make a lot of money from the stock market and their influence, fame, and resumes grew exponentially. Similarly, Robert Morris made himself exceptionally wealthy by trading securities on leverage from loans. Like Duer, his influence sparked many people to venture into the securities and commodities market. At the time, there were no laws governing securities trading and thus market panics were inevitable. By this point, the government had already understood that its role was to regulate this trade. In the absence of government regulations, the public was unprotected from the possibilities of fraud and loss of their money, which prompted the government to bring out new laws. Lenders were increasingly giving money to speculators and this led to the need for the government to control bank lending as well. Through regulating lending and in vestment, it is evident that government control was protecting the public. However, by governing the interest rates, the government and merchants did not come to agreeable terms, as most of the initial policies were ineffective. Some changes were implemented and this has continued to date making our financial system the current jargon it is today. Q 2: What led to the development of the American Bankruptcy Law?Many influential people participated towards the improvement of the financial industry.

International Relations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 2

International Relations - Essay Example Such research can bring the certain contribution also to the discussion about political "realism". The realistic theory usually is considered as the most consecutive interpretation of the essence and the reasons of political events such as confrontations, military alliances, diplomatic negotiations and international relations as a whole. Realists have managed to create the elegant theory of the international relations, having specified that the conflict of interests between various political communities is internally inherent in the international system, and having shown that uniqueness of the international relations is caused by the nature of the political communities, which are representing themselves as the parties in these relations. From our point of view, problematic part of the realistic theory consists in the way of conceptualisation of these communities, namely the national states. There are different forms of realism, but behind all of them there is one uniting idea: on the stage of the international relations act uniform "characters" named states. Further these states are considered as discrete units, which functioning almost in the same way as individuals in a society. This idea generates the whole complex of representations about the state and its activity on the international scene. ... This discourse considering the state as a uniform and independent rational character creates the general frameworks for reflections on something that is usually described as "the international system". Thereof the realistic theory reduces the international relations to the stage, on which the states pursue their egoistical interests. The end of the Cold War has called into existence a number of trial attempts to define new world order. Meanwhile the only obvious fact is that the world community has entered a grandiose global transformation process, which at least till now has generated more social problems, rather than solutions. The end of rivalry between super-states and an increasing break in wealth and access to resources between states have contemporized with disturbing growth of violence, poverty and unemployment, number of homeless persons, and erosion of ecological stability. The world also became the witness of one of the deepest, since times of Great depression of thirties, global economic recessions. At the same time isolated before nations get more and more close both voluntary and against their will due to growing integration of markets, formation of the new regional political unions, remarkable successes in the field of telecommunications, biotechnology and transport, which have stimulated unprecedented demographic shifts.As a result of such a merger of people and cultures nowadays we may observe the world, characterized by increasing integrity, cultural variety, and supersaturated with intensity, confusion, and conflicts during the adaptation to pluralism. Now let us consider the differences, which exist in the viewpoints of realists and those of liberalists. Liberals after the World War I have formulated the